kaydex92: Chapter 5: Midterm Timeline Project

"Developing" my time line project

By Kayla Desmarais

1841 William Henry Talbot patents the Calotype process - the first negative-positive process making possible the first multiple copies. Calotype comes from the Greek word Kalos or “beautiful” and tupos or “impression”(wiki). By using paper coated with silver chloride which darkened in proportion to its exposure to light. This process of printing had to be exposed in the camera until the photo was fully visible, taking up to an hour. This produced an image negative. It wasn’t until 1841 when Talbot developed a different process where only a faint image had to be produced which only took about one minute. From there the paper was chemically developed into a fully visible photograph known as a calotype or talbotype.(Metro)

Original image by: William Talbot

Image source: http://news.bbc.co.uk/media/images/46154000/jpg/_46154580_fox_talbot.jpg

William Talbot

Image source:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/William_Henry_Fox_Talbot,_by_John_Moffat,_1864.jpg

1851 Frederick Scott Archer invented the Collodion process - images required only two or three seconds of light exposure. The wet plate process of photography, or also known as collodion process; A simple process of mixing three different chemicals and then dissolving it in collodion(wiki). Then it is poured onto a clear glass plate until the mixture is formed into a gel. The plate is then placed in silver nitrate causing different chemical reactions. While the plate is still wet, it is then placed in the camera where it is exposed thus creating an image (fred)

Original image by: Frederick Scott Archer “sparrow house”

Image source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sparrow1.JPG/220px-Sparrow1.JPG

Photo of : Frederick Scott Archer

Image Source: http://www.hertfordshire-genealogy.co.uk/images/!/b/bishops-stortford/frederick-scott-archer.jpg

1871 Richard Leach Maddox invented the gelatin dry plate silver bromide process - negatives no longer had to be developed immediately. With using black-and-white films and printing paper, a suspension of silver salts and gelatin is coated onto glass, plastic, or film (wiki). These materials stay stable and are able to be used many years after they are made. This is very different from the collodion wet process that needed to be used immediately after it is processed. This slight advantage gave photojournalists of all kinds the much needed factor of time. (ency)

Original Image By: Richard Leach Maddox

Image Source: http://www.curious-eye.com/images/dryplate.gif

Photo of: Dr. Richard Leach Maddox

Image Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Dr._Richard_Leach_Maddox.jpg

1900 First mass-marketed camera—the Brownie. The Brownie was a long-running extremely popular camera that was mass produced to be affordable inexpensive at just $1(wiki). Made by Eastman Kodak this camera introduced the concept of a snapshot. This very simple cardboard camera took 2 and a quarter inch square pictures on 117 roll film. This gave people a chance to get experience with photography without spending a fortune. A very simple camera gave adults and children the opportunity to experiment with photography both for family fun and prospective future jobs.(brown)

Original Image by Aislinn Leggett

Image Source:http://www.slightlylucid.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/brownie-cameras-2.jpg

The Original Brownie Camera

Image Source:http://thejournalnews.gannettonline.com/gns/newyork/p2_timeline/1900_Brownie.jpg

1927 General Electric invents the modern flash bulb. This replaced dangerous flash power techniques of illumination. The first commercially available bulb in the U.S., GE's Sashalite, was very large and contained aluminum foil surrounded by an oxygen atmosphere to increase burning of the foil. The Sashalite had a tremendous light output, nearly 180,000 lumen-seconds, and necessary for the rather slow speed films of the time(1923). This gave photojournalists the option to shoot in any quality of light. It was able to brighten to get any picture to have the best lighting.(story)

Image Source:http://www.digicamhistory.com/GE%20Sash%20bulb%20opt.jpg

first flash bulbs created

Image Source: http://vieilalbum.com/images/flashbulb.gif

1948 Edwin Land markets the Polaroid camera. The American inventor and physicist patented an innovative one step process of taking and developing a photo from one single devise. Polaroid was to manufacture the cameras in November of 1948 to the public. Up until February 2008 when Polaroid discontinued the camera people loved the satisfaction of instant photographs.(Polaroid)

Image of: Edwin Land

Original Image Source: http://cognitivecake.files.wordpress.com/2012/11/edwin-land-1.jpg

"Real Men Wear Boots"

Image By: Jeremy Knost

Image Source: http://jeremykost.com/wp/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/Ryan-Mertz-CA-Double-1.jpg

1978 Konica introduces first point-and-shoot, autofocus camera. An autofocus is an optical system that uses a sensor, control system, and motor to focus fully automatically. The very first model the C35 AF by Konica was the simple point-and-shoot model that we know today (autofocus). These sensors rely on more than one sensor to determine the correct focus. Most modern SLR cameras use through-the-lens optical AF sensors. This gave photojournalists the advantage of obtaining clear photographs each time they take a snapshot. Before these came out you would manually have to adjust the lens while looking at your object to get the desired clarity.(history)